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Santiago History
The city came into existence because of a cemetery and its glory, monuments, and streets are indebted to one personage- the Apostle Santiago. The hermit, Apostle discovers a tomb of Santiago in the 9th century. This wild-fire news spread’s throughout the Europe and after getting the news; the king of Galicia and Asturias arrived to par respect to the Apostle. From then on everything started happening in whirlwind fashion. Alfonso IX erected a basilica upon the site of the discovery. The basilica was to be extensively enlarged in the early middle Ages to accommodate the growing numbers of pilgrims who travelled to Santiago de Compostela from all over the continent. In the 12th century, the Archbishop Xelmírez, one of the great men associated with the city, combined the creation of schools of higher education with battles against other great Galician gentlemen. During the 16th and 17th century, Santiago experienced resurgence in monastic communities while at the same time suffering from considerable decrease in number of pilgrimage. In the 19th century, Renaissance of Galician language and culture ' began in Santiago de Compostela. This incorporation faced the rejection of political assimilation imposed by the Castilian monarchy from the 15th century and embraced all things Galician. Figures such as Antolín Faraldo, Manuel Murguía and the great poetess Rosalía de Castro initiated a cultural, social and political movement in Santiago de Compostela that formed the antecedent to current Galician culture. The Santiago was buried during the Spanish civil war and went into secular sleep until the final year of the Franco dictatorship. In 1981, after the approval from the Spanish democratic government of the new Estatuto de Autonomia; Santiago was proclaimed the capital of Galicia, Santiago experienced a revival.
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