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Germany History
The original inhabitant of Germany were Celts and obscure tribes. There were many leader but the father of continent what is know as Germany today is known as Charlemagne. After years of skirmishing in 'Germania' between the Romans and local tribes, the Romans were defeated by Arminius (Hermann) and accept the rivers Rhine and Danube as the frontiers of their Empire.
500s-1500s: After the collapse of the western Roman Empire the powerful Frankish Reich with territories in Germany, France, the Low Countries and northern Italy becomes medieval Europe's most powerful 'state'. Charlemagne (ruled 768-814) rules as a Christian monarch (Kaiser) from his power base in Aachen. 1200-1500: The rise to power in central Europe of the House of Hapsburg begins with the reign of Rudolf (ruled 1273-91). 1500s-1600s: Martin Luther's 'Protestant' Reformation begins in 1517 in the town of Wittenberg and casts Europe into decades of religious and political turmoil.
1600s-1900s: After the devastation of the Thirty Years War, the following period of 'Enlightenment' includes the work of Bach (1604-1673), HÕndel (1685-1759) and Beethoven (1770-1827) in music; Goethe (1749-1832), Schiller (1759-1805) and the Brothers Jacob (1785-1863) and Wilhelm (1786-1859) Grimm in literature; Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) and Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) in philosophy. The state of Brandenburg-Prussia increases its power under Frederick the Great (ruled 1740-86) and again after the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. At the Congress of Vienna Germany is reconstituted into a confederation of 35 states with its Reichstag in Frankfurt. After 1900s Hitler Myth-1933-45: In 1933 Hitler is appointed chancellor and seizes power as Führer after the Reichstag in Berlin is burnt down in mysterious circumstances the same year. Hitler's National Socialists (Nazis) take control at local levels, outlawing trade unions and other political parties and set in motion the persecution of Jews, homosexuals and other 'non-Aryans'. 1945-90: Germany as a whole and the city of Berlin are divided into four zones of Allied occupation (US, Britain, France and Russia) and the leading Nazis, who survived the war, are put on trial at Nuremberg. 1950-60s: Konrad Adenauer of the Christian Democrats became the first chancellor of the FRG (or BRD by its German initials) and the Allied reconstruction plan for Germany. 1990s: Elections were held in both East and West Germany won by the CDU. The new East German government began to dissolve itself and after talks between Chancellor Kohl and President Gorbachev Germany was officially reunited on October 3, 1990.
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