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Athens History
The country was founded back to 7000 years till then it is continuously inhabited. Athens has been inhabited continuously for over 7000 years. Its acropolis, supplied with spring water, commanding views of all seaward approaches and encircled by protective mountains on its landward side, was a natural choice for prehistoric settlement and for the Mycenaeans, who established a palace-fortress on the rock. The discontinuity from ancient to medieval Athens was due, essentially, to the emergence of Christianity . Having survived with little change through years of Roman rule, the city lost its pivotal role in the Roman-Greek world after the division of the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western halves, and the establishment of Byzantium (Constantinople) as capital of the Eastern - Byzantine - empire. Athens rarely featured in the chronicles of the time, enjoying a brief revival under the foreign powers of the Middle Ages. Four centuries of Ottoman occupation followed until, in 1821, in common with the inhabitants of a score of other towns across the country, the Greeks of Athens rose in rebellion . They occupied the Turkish quarters of the lower town - the current Pláka - and laid siege to the Acropolis. For all the claims of its ancient past, and despite the city's natural advantages, Athens was not the first-choice capital of modern Greece. That honour went instead to Náfplio in the Peloponnese, where the War of Independence was masterminded by Kapodistrias and where the first Greek National Assembly met in 1828. The controlled and gradual development process of Athens comes in the nineteenth-century. While the archeologists stripped away all the Turkish and Frankish embellishments from the Acropolis, a modest city took shape along the lines of the Bavarians' Neoclassical grid.
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